They are the best way to get reliable information about how well a new treatment works. Later phases aim to see if a new treatment works better than the current treatment.įor trials that compare two or more treatments, you are put into a treatment group at random. The early phases aim to find out more about the safety and side effects of a new treatments. Researchers run treatment trials in stages. Or they may try to find out if there is an overall benefit in picking up the cancer early. Researchers may plan screening trials to see if new tests are reliable enough to detect particular types of cancer. Or they can be for a group of people who have a higher than normal risk of developing a certain cancer. As with prevention trials, screening trials can be for the general population. Screening tests people for the early signs of cancer before they have any symptoms. For example, this could include people with a strong family history of cancer. These trials can be for the general population or for people who have a higher than normal risk of developing a certain cancer. The people taking part don't have cancer.
Prevention trials look at whether a particular treatment can help prevent cancer. Sometimes the research team include the information collected during the pilot study in the results of the main study. They may also help answer the research question. Pilot studies help to test that all the main parts of the study work together. Pilot studies are small versions of the main study. They don’t answer the main research question about how well a treatment works. They aim to find out things such as whether patients and doctors are happy to take part, and how long it might take to collect and analyse the information. Pilot studies and feasibility studies are small versions of studies which are sometimes done before a large trial takes place.įeasibility studies are designed to see if it is possible to do the main study. There are different types of trials within these two groups. The people taking part aren’t put into treatment groups.
The research team observe the people taking part, but they don’t influence what treatments people have. Observational studies aim to find out what happens to people in different situations. This is so that the research team can compare the results. A computer puts people taking part are put into different treatment groups.
Interventional trials aim to find out more about a particular intervention, or treatment. There are two main types of trials or studies - interventional and observational. Medical research studies involving people are called clinical trials.
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